Multi-component spray gun



H..J. ASBECK ETAL 2,780,496

MULTI-COMPONENT SPRAY GUN Feb. 5, 1957 Filed Nov. 29, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet l '37 15a /05 was l /a/ ma s /az 5 IN V EN TORS HA N5 J. MBH/ 6@ BY Ffm/wr E. @He-T7' A free/Vey.

H. J. AsBEcK ETAL dump-COMPONENT SPRAY GUN Feb 5, 1957 3 She'tS-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 29, 1952 mm NN Feb. 5, 1957 H. J. AsBEcK ET AL 2,780,496

MULTI-COMPONENT SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 29, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS )11A/V5 J. ASBECKGN@ BY PZA/WC 5.5602577 FW/a p taken along line 2--2 of Fig. l in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 3 is a View in front elevation of the uid throttling means shown in Figs. 1 and 2 but modiiied to show a modification of the uid line throttling means shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a gas cap shown in Figs. l and 2.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid tip shown in Figs. l and 2.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of a cross-sectional area of the novel separating means employed in this invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of a uid tip.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 10 designates thebody of a paint spraying device illustrating the invention. The body 10 includes a barrel portion 11 and a handle portion 12. The handle portion 12 extends downwardly from the barrel portion 11 and is inclined slightly to the rear thereof so that the body 10 has somewhat the appearance of an automatic revolver.

The lower end of the handle portion 12 has an internally threaded opening 13 therein. The opening 13 communicates with a passage 14 which extends upwardly through the interior of the handle 12 to an air inlet valve chamber 15 in the rear part of the barrel portion of body 10. The chamber 15 communicates with an air distributing chamber 16 disposed forwardly thereof in barrel portion 11. The chamber 16 is of smaller diameter than the chamber 15 and ,theshoulder at the end of the chamber 15 as it meets chamber 16 acts as a valve seat 17. A passageway 18 communicates with and extends from chamber 16 directly to a passageway 19 (Fig. 2) extending along the barrel portion 11 from its rear towards the nozzle end of the device. Another passageway 2t) (Fig. 2) communicates with and extends from chamber 16 directly to a valve chamber 21.

Mounted in the valve chamber 15 is a suitable valve member 22 having a valve proper 23 adapted to engage the valve seat 17 and having an operating rod or stern 24 integral therewith and extending forwardly therefrom. The valve stern 24 extends through a suitable bearing opening 25 in the barrel portion and into an open inverted approximately V-shaped slot 26 in said barrel portion. The rear end of the valve member 23 is provided with a stud or projection 27 receiving one end of a coiled compression spring 28. The other end of said spring 28 is positioned in an exteriorly threaded socket 29 integral with and disposed at the forward end of a securing and tensioning adjusting nut 30 secured to the interiorly threaded rear end of the valve chamber 15. By this means the valve proper 23 is normally held in tight engagement with the valve seat 17 so that if air under pressure is admitted to the chamber 15 through the communicating passageways 13 and 14, no air under pressure is admitted through the passages 16, 18, 19, and 21.

The degree of force of the valve 22 in the direction of the valve seat 17 is controlled by the compression spring 28 which in turn is controlled by the nut 30.

The valve chamber 21 is provided with a valve seat 31 and communicates with and leads into a passageway 32, extending in the same direction as passageway 19 along the barrel interior and towards the nozzle end of the device. A needle valve 33 is mounted in the valve chamber 21 through an internally threaded portion of a mounting nut 34. The outer end of the valve 33 terminates in a knurled manipulating knob 3S by which the inner or valve end 37 may be adjusted relative to the valve seat 31 to regulate the dow of air into passage 32 as desired or to cut it ol completely if required.

A trigger 38 has its upper end located at the apex of the slot 26 and is pivotally connected at its upper end to the barrel portion 11 by a pivot pin or bolt 39. The trigger 38 extends below the slot 26 and its downwardly extending lower portion 40 is curved to provide a hand saddle so it may be readily and positively engaged by certain ngers of the hand of an operator. The rear face of that portion of the trigger 38 in the slot 26 has a rear bearing face 41 engaging the free front end of the valve stern 24. When the trigger 38 is swung rearwardly about the pivot 39 the valve stem 24 and the valve proper 23 are forced rearwardly against the action of the spring 28 whereupon the valve 23 is moved away from the valve seat 17 to permit the admission of air under pressure from the chamber 15 into passageways 16, 18, 19, 20 and 21 and if the neddle valve 33 is in an open position, into passage 32.

The rearward movement of the trigger 38 is limited by means of the abutment of the lower portion 40 thereof against an external face of the handle portion 12. Spring 28 is of suflicient strength normally to hold the valve 22 in closed position and the trigger in its fully extended open position shown in full lines in Fig. l and to cause these parts to assume these positions when the external pressure on the trigger is suiiiciently reduced. Thus a very simple and delicate control is provided for controlling the admission of air into the device and it is very easily regulated by an operator without the necessity of long training and experience. For additional ease of manipulation and to insure a firm grip, the handle portion 12 is provided with a finger lug or guard 42 projecting from said handle portion 12 directly below and adjacent the lower end of the trigger.

The barrel portion 11, when the gun is held in a normal position, extends in a horizontal direction forwardly from the handle portion 12, and is provided with a cuiyed lug or hook 43 to provide a convenient hanging means for the device when not in use. On its upper part and in the vicinity of the mid-length of the barrel portion, there is provided a cut-out portion 44. The barrel portion 11 is bored centrally at its rear to provide a valve operating chamber 45 interconnecting with the slot 26 in barrel 11. Chamber 45 is internally threaded and has threadedly coupled thereto a hollow elongated nut 46 screwed into the rear end thereof. The nut 46 has a spring chamber 47 and a central opening 48 at its rear end and axially aligned therewith.

A partially hollow valve rod 50, for controlling the supply of fluid material, extends into the valve operating chamber 45 through its front end and is movably mounted within a forward bearing part S1 of the central barrel bore. Inside said chamber 45 said rod 50 is enlarged in diameter at 52 and is provided with two spaced shoulders 53 and 54. A vertical slot 55 is provided in the rod 50 between shoulders 53 and 54 and the upper portion of trigger 38 passes therethrough and is movable therein. The rear end of rod is provided with an internally threaded bore 56 extending from said end through the rear end of slot 55. Threadedly engaged in said bore 56 is an operating rod 57 having a forward nose 58 projecting into said slot and is adapted to be engaged by the trigger 38 when said trigger is moved rearwardly to operative position as hereinbefore described. Operating rod 57 may be of hexagonal or other polygonal shape in sections as at 59. A riveting collar 60 is slidably borne to the rear end of rod 58. This collar 60 has a ange 61 which engages the inner shoulder at the rear end of the nut 46. A rotatable knob 62 is tixedly mounted on collar 60 so that rotation of knob 62 will rotate collar 60 and in turn the rod 57.

Intermediate its ends, rod 57 is provided with a slide ring 64. A coiled spring is mounted around the front part of rod 57, with one end of said spring abutting against shoulder 54 and its other end against one face of ring 64. A coiled spring 66 is mounted around the rear part of rod 59, with one end engaging the opposite face of the ring 64 and its other end Iabutting against the ange 6l. These springs 65 and 66 normally urge the rod 57 and consequently valve rod 50 forwardly.

The air passages 19 and 32 extend substantially horizontally along the barrel toward its forward end to the respective chambers 108 and 109 (Fig. 2) and converge slightly in their approach thereto. The passageway 110 extends upwardly and outwardly in the barrel l1 from the chamber 108 and terminates in a at front face 112 of said barrel directly adjacent and outside of the flange 92. v

A passageway 113 leads upwardly and outwardly in the barrel 11 from the chamber 109 and also terminates in the front llat face 112 of said barrel at a diametricallj.J opposite point, to terminus of said passageway 103. The passageway 113 communicates with the recess 100. The chambers 108 and 109 are provided to facilitate the boring of the respective passageways 110 and 113 and each is suitably sealed at its lower end by the respective sealing plug 115. In this manner, two continuous air passages from the air distributing chamber 16 to the tip or forward end of the barrel are provided, one of which is independently valve controlled through the valve 33 whereby air through passageways 32, 109 and 113 may be adjustably restricted or cut off entirely as desired.

An air cap may be applied over the fluid tip 90 and is preferably of the external or outside mixed type. The air cap 120 is of generally cylindrical external coutour and has a lower portion of enlarged diameter to provide a retaining shoulder 121. The nozzle 120 has a front closure 122 and is hollow to provide a generally conical internal face 123. The closure 122 has a central circular opening 124 therethrough and the diameter of this opening is somewhat larger than the external diameter of the nose ot fluid tip 90. The nozzle 120 also includes a pair ot air jet outlet members 125 intergal with closure 123 and longitudinally extending,theref1-oni. These members 125 are diametrically arranged at opposite ends or sides of the opening 124.

The upper part of the facing sides 126 of members 125 slant upwardly outwardly away from each other. Each of said members is provided with a passage outlet 128 disposed at about iight angles to the face 126 and communicating with an opening 129 which extends from opening 128 and extends through. the lower or inner face of air cap 120. The air cap 120 is mounted on the lluid tip 90 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, with the inner edge of the lower part of nozzle 120 abutting against the inner edge of Harige 92. The lower face of nozzle 120 extends outwardly beyond flange 92 leaving exposed the lower end of passageways 129. The entire outermost conical faces of portions 94 and 95 of uid tip 90 snugly abut against the lower internal conical face 123. The nose of the fluid tip 90 extends through the opening 124 and its outer extremity is located beyond the front face of closure 122. Between the inner face of closure 122 and the upper end of conical portion 94 is an air t chamber 132. A threaded collar or clamping nut 133 is threadedly connected to the front end of barrel 11 and has a llange 134 abutting against shoulder 121 to demountably lock the lluid tip 90 in position. The desired angular position of the members 125 may be varied by merely loosening the nut 133 and rotating the air cap the proper amount.

Air under pressure passes out of passageway 113, into annular recess 10G and then through the equally spaced openings 101. From the openings 101, the air travels through into annular recess 93, through the slots 102, into chamber 132, through the portion of the passage 124 around the circumference of the projecting nose of uid tip 90.

The gas as it passes beyond the front face of the closure 122 sets up an eddy current effect at the discharge terminus ot said nose of tip 90. These eddy current effects serve to atomize the lluid as it passes out of said nose and towards the surface to be coated. Air under pressure from the passageway 110 enters the charnber 142, whose one side is formed by the lock nut 133, then passes through the passageways 129, then through 12S and project toward` each other to at least partially disperse and breakup the eluent from the end 136 of hollow valve rod 50, admix it with the effluent from uid tip 90, and control the shape and dimensions of thc spray.

The novel spray gun may be coupled with different sources of reactive lluids through tlexible hose lines 158 and 165 connected to the nipples 73 for delivering the fluids to the chamber 68. The spray gun may be coupled with a llexible hose 198 carrying gas or fluid under pressure and connected thereto at the lower end of the handle 12 to supply gas or lluid under pressure to the passageway 14. It is to be noted at this point that thc front portion 106 of the hollow needle 50 should project beyond the central opening 124 in air cap 120 when the trigger 38 is in a fully retracted position, or "fully triggered. Satisfactory results have been secured when the amount of projection of tip 136 of hollow needle 50, in fully triggered position, is at least about one-fourth of the distance between the central opening 124 and aline joining the centers of passage outlets 128.

Best results have been secured when the amount of projection of tip 136 of hollow needle 50, in fully triggered position, is about three-fourths of the distance between the central opening 124 and a line joining the centers ot` passage outlets 123.

When the valve portion 107 seats in the opening 9S, and it is normally in this position when the trigger is not actuated by any outside force, the fluid receiving chamber 63 is sealed to prevent the passage of: fluid out of the orice 97. When said valve 107 is opened by pressure on the trigger as before described, fluid passes from the chamber 69 into chamber 68 and out through the forward end of the orifice 97 in the nose.

Simultaneously, the grooved portion 137 of hollow needle 50 is withdrawn by the trigger action to a position in communication with the outlet of passageway 139 thereby permitting the flow of fluid through passageway 70, passageway 139, groove 137, bore passageway 138, passageway axially of rod 50 and out through the tip 136.

ln operation, after the llow from the sources of reactive uid supplied has been properly adjusted and the pressure in the gas` supply line to the spraying device has been properly adjusted, e. g., a pressure of from 25-75 p. s. i., and the spraying device has been connected to said gas supply line and to the fluid supply lines from said sources of reactive uid supply, the operator is ready to spray coat. In the practice of this invention, materials of dilerent viscosities may be employed in the lines 158 and 165 and if of different viscosity, it is preferred that the higher viscosity material be in line connected to the passageway 69. Chemically curing resin, for example, is conveyed through hose 16S, through the passageway 69 and into the front portion of chamber 68. A curing agent for the particular resin is conveyed through hose 158, through passageway 70 and into the passageway 135 of hollow valve rod 50. The gas under pressure is conveyed through hose 198 through the passageway 13 into chamber 15. With the valve 33 set in open position shown in Fig. 2, the spraying device is ready for operation. lt is to be understood that if desired, the valve 80 may be completely eliminated and is employed only ir" adjustable means for regulating the flow of fluids in passageways 69 and 70 are desired.

In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the chamber 68 has an internal diameter of about .375 inch. When it is desired to throttle the llow of uids through hoses 165 and 158, the bored plugs 76 having therethrough passageways 77 may be inserted in internally threaded nipple 73. Thus, for example, where two different colored paints of spraying viscosity were to be employed, more satisfactory results would be obtained by utilizing; the bored Plugs 76.- Where a VSCQUS. lmformingA resinj is to be sprayed, the bored` plugs 76, may be., omittedl from the device. Where. bored4 plugs 76,l in either one or both of lines 165 and 158 are used, the opening 7'7 may be varied between about .025' inch and .10 inch. and; the length of the bored plug 76 is desirably about at least .5 inch.

The operator forces the trigger 33 towards the handle 12. The trigger 3S rst strikes the rod 24 to unseat valve 25` whereupon the air passes into chamber 16, through passages 18, 19, 108, 110 into chamber 142 and through passages 129: and 128; and also from chamber 16 through passages 20, chambers 21, passages 32, 109 113, slot 100, openings 101,4 slots 93, 102, chamber 132 and then between theV outside of the nose of fluid tip 90 and the orifice 124 and annularly with respect to the protruding tip 136 of hollow, rod 50.

While the air continues following the aforementioned path the trigger strikes the nose 58 and retracts the hollow valve rod 50 to open the fluid discharge orifice 97 at the end of the material receiving chamber formed by the chamber 68 and the chamber in said fluid tip 90. When the trigger is in a completely retracted position, valve rod 50Y is then so aligned that the` passageway 70 and passageway 135 are connected together and the material flows from passageway 70 into passageway 135. The material from passageway 69 discharges out of said orifice 97 simultaneously with the material discharging from the hollow needle valve Sil and are both atomized by the eddy currents created by the discharge of air through the orifice 124 outside the gun and as the atomized materials in their course of travel towards the surface to be coated pass between the air jets from openings 128, they are thoroughly mixed and the configuration of the spray is modified. When the trigger 38 is released, the orifice 97 is first closed by the valve rod 5G and then the valve assumes its closed position.

Likewise,V when trigger 38 is released, annular groove 137 moves out of communication with passageway 139, and flow of fluid through passageway 70 is effectively Stopped..

The foregoing system and spray device may be ernployed by even an unskilled workman and may be employed to carry out our novel method for obtaining spray coatings of chemically curing resins and curing agents therefor, Although the invention has been described in detail, it is not to be limited thereby because many changes and modifications may be made without departing therefrom.v

Reference may be had to patents of Downs and Einbecker, namely, Downs, 2,504,116 and 2,504,117; and Einbecker, 2,511,626, 2,511,627 and 2,513,081, for a fuller understanding of the mechanisms to which the improvements may be related.

Other modes of applying the principle of this invention may be employed instead of those specifically set forth above, changes being made as regards the details herein disclosed, provided the elements set forth in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such be ernployed.

It is, therefore, particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed as the invention:

l. In a multi-component spraying device having trigger means for operating said device, a body, an elongated fluid receiving chamber divided into a plurality of noncommunicating inner units, liuid supply inlets communicating with said non-communicating inner units, a hollow rod retractably moveable with said trigger means and adapted to receive and discharge liuid from one of said inner units, and an exit from another of said inner units annular with respect to said hollow rod, said hollow rod projecting beyond said exit when the gun is fully triggered, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said exit and hollow rod end to convert into a spray the iiuid discharge therefrom.

2.- In a, Plural 1111i@ Spraying devise having trigger for operating said device, the improvement which conf prises a body having an elongated fluid receiving chamber divided into a plurality of non-communicating inner units, fluid supply inlets communicating with said non-.communicating inner units, a hollow rod retractably moveable with said trigger means and adapted to receive and discharge fluid from one of said fluid supply inlets, a discharge orifice formed,` to maintain said hollow rod in a substantially axial position with lrespect to said orifice while permitting the flow of fluid from another of said iiuid supply inlets when said hollow rod is in a triggered position, said hollow rod when in a fully triggered position projecting beyond said orice, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said orifice to convert into a spray the iiuid discharge therefrom.

3. In a plural fluid spraying device having trigger means for operating said device, the improvement which comprises a body having a plurality of non-communicating fluid receiving chambers having separate fluid supply inlets, a hollow rod retractably moveable with said trigger means and adapted to receive and discharge fluid from one of said fluid supply inlets, a discharge orifice adapted to discharge iiuid from another of said fluid supply inlets, said discharge orifice being annular with respect to said hollow rod and containing means for centering said hollow rod within said orifice while permitting flow of fluid therefrom, said hollow rod when in operating position projecting beyond said discharge oriiice, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said orifice to convert into a spray the fluid discharge therefrom.

4. ln a multi-component spraying device having trigger means for operating said device, an elongated iiuid receiving chamber divided into a plurality of non-communicating inner units, fluid supply inlets communicating with said non-communicating inner units, a hollow rod retractably moveable with said trigger means and adapted to receive and discharge fluid from one of said inner units, an exit from another of said inner units annular with respect to said hollow rod and containing means for centering said rod within said exit, air jets located at a point beyond said exit adapted to mix and modify the spray from the exit and hollow rod, said hollow rod When in a triggered position projecting beyond said exit to a point approximately in line with said air jets.

5. In a plural fluid spraying device having trigger means for operating said device, the improvement which comprises a body having a plurality of non-communicating chambers having separate fluid supply inlets, a hollow rod slideably mounted within said plurality of charnbers and retractably moveable with said trigger means, said hollow rod being adapted to receive and discharge fluid from one of said fluid supply inlets, an exit from another of said supply inlets containing means for centering the discharge end of said hollow rod within said exit while permitting the flow of fluid therefrom, said hollow rod projecting beyond the exit when in a triggered position, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said exit and hollow rod end .to convert into a spray the fluid discharge therefrom.

6. In a plural lluid spraying device having trigger means for operating said device, capable of producing coatings from chemically hardening resins in a single spraying operation, comprising a body, an elongated fluid receiving chamber having a restricted discharge orifice at one end thereof, a plurality of separate duid supply inlets communicating with said chamber, the central longitudinal axis of each of said inlets being at an angle to the central longitudinal axis of said chamber, the distance between said lorifice 'and the point at which said axis of one of said inlets enters said chamber being greater than the distance between said orifice and the point at which said axis of another of said inlets enters said chamber, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said orifice to convert into a spray the uid discharge therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for dividing said elongated fluid receiving chamber into a plurality of non-communicating units individually supplied by said separate fiuid supply inlets, said discharge orifice discharging iiuid from only one of said noncomrnunicating units, and a hollow rod retractably moveable with said trigger means and adapted to receive and discharge liuid from another of said non-communicating units at a point beyond said discharge orifice and outside said device.

7. In a plural iiuid spraying device, capable of producing coatings from chemically hardening resins in a single spraying operation, comprising a body, an elongated fluid receiving chamber having a restricted discharge orifice at one end thereof, a plurality of separate fluid supply inlets communicating with said chamber, the

central longitudinal axis of each of said inlets being at an angle to the central longitudinal axis of said chamber, the distance between said orifice and the point at which said axis of one of said inlets enters said chamber being greater than the distance between said orifice and the point at which said axis of another of said inlets enters said chamber, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said orifice to convert into a spray the fluid discharge therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for dividing said elongated fluid receiving chamber into two non-communicating units individually supplied by said separate fiuid supply inlets, said discharge orifice discharging fiuid from the unit closest to said orifice annularly with respect to a hollow valve rod adapted to receive liuid from the unit most remote from said orifice and to discharge at a point beyond said discharge orifice and outside said device, said hollow valve rod being formed at a forward portion as a valve and said discharge orifice formed at its inner surface as a valve seat to control the iiow of uid from the foremost unit.

8. In a plural fluid spraying device, capable of producing coatings from chemically hardening resins in a single spraying operation, comprising a body, an elongated liuid receiving chamber having a restricted discharge orifice at one end thereof, a plurality of separate fluid supply inlets communicating with said chamber, the central longitudinal axis of each of said inlets being at an angle to the central longitudinal axis of said chamber, the distance between said orifice and the point at which said axis of one of said inlets enters said chamber being gri-:eter than the distance between said orifice and the point at which said axis of another of said inlets enters said chamber, said body having a passageway for transmitting gas under pressure close to and externally of said orifice to convert into a spray the fluid discharge therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for dividing said elongated fluid receiving chamber into two non-communicating units individually supplied by said separate fluid supply inlets, said discharge orifice discharging iiuid from the unit closest to said orifice annularly with respect to a hollow valve rod adapted to receive uid from the unit most remote from said orifice and to discharge at a point beyond said discharge orifice and outside said device, said hollow valve rod being formed at a forward portion as a valve and said discharge orifice being formed at its inner surface as a valve seat to control the fiow of iiuid from the foremost unit, said hollow valve rod also being formed at a point within the unit most remote from said orifice as a valve to control the flow of liuid from the most remote unit.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS `1,936,997 String Nov. 28, 1933 1,939,607 Krantzberger Dec. 12, 1933 1,958,730 Tracy May 15, 1934 2,335,116 Hansen Nov. 23, 1943 2,504,116 Downs Apr. 18, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 383,768 Great Britain Nov. 24, 1932 

